Turbine



Jan. 1, 1924 fiA-WWQE J. G. SUMMERS TURBINE Filed March 19. 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 8 mum atop Fatented .lan. l, 1924.

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JOHN GORDON SUMMERS, OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.

TURBINE.

Application filed March 19, 1923. Serial No. 626,117.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN GoRDoN SUM- MERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Diego, in the county of San Diego and State of California, have invented a new and useful Turbine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a turbine adapted to be propelled by air, steam or gas under pressure, one of the objects of the invention being to provide a simple and compact structure which can be controlled readily and has a simple reversing mechanism by means of which the rotor can be driven in either a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction.

Another object is to provide means where by the exhaust fromthe turbine can be taken care of without interfering with or reducing the efiiciency of the turbine.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists of certain novel details of construction and combina tions of parts which will be hereinafter more fully described and pointed out in the claims, it being understood that changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.

In the accompanying drawings the preferred form of the invention has been shown.

In said drawings, 7

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the turbine.

Figure 2 is a front elevation thereof.

Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a section on line 4-4 Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a section on line 55 Figure 2.

Figure 6 is an enlarged section through a portion of the periphery of the rotor.

Figure 7 is a plan view of the structure shown in Figure 6.

Referring to the figures by characters of reference 1 designates the rotor of the turbine having a laterally extending annular flange 2 at the periphery thereof forming a circular recess 3. In the inner surface of the flange 2 is formed an annular series of depressions or buckets 4 opening into the recess 3 and spaced apart regular distances. These buckets are preferably coupled up in pairs with outlet ports 5 opening through the outer periphery of the flange as shown particularly in Figures 4 and 6. Thus fluid under pressure directed into the buckets can flow outwardly freely through the ports 5 into an exhaust ring 6 extending around the flange and discharging into an exhaust pipe 7. Ring 6 is fixedly mounted on a suitable supporting structure 8. Secured to the middle portion of the rotor is a shaft 9 mounted in suitable bearings 10 and this shaft is provided with an enlarged portion 11 one end of which has a collar 12 engaging one face of the rotor. F ixedly supported within the recess 3 is a circular stator 13 one side of which projects outwardly from the recess and has concentric circular grooves 14 and 15. Formed Within the peripheral portion of the stator at diametrically opposed points are ports 16 communicating through lateral passages 17 with the groove 14. These ports are so located as to direct streams of fluid under pressure away from. the stator along lines substantially tangent, thereby to propel the buckets 4 and the rotor 1 in a counterclockwise direction, as will be apparent by referring to Figure 4. Additional ports 18 are interposed between the ports 16 and are located at diametrically opposed points, these ports 18 communicating, through passages 19, with the groove 15. Ports 18 are pitched oppositely to the ports 16 so that streams of fluid under pressure delivered therefrom will cause the rotor 1 to revolve in a clockwise direction, as will be apparent by referring to Figure 4.

A head 20 is fastened to the stator l3 by means of bolts 21 or the like and is fixedly mounted on the supporting structure 8 as will be seen by referring to Figures 1 and 2. A valve 22 is radially disposed within the head 20 and has a longitudinal recess 23 provided with opposed non-alining outlets 24 and 25. A pressure supply pipe 26 opens into a passage 27 within the head 20, this passage being constantly in communication with the recess 23. Spaced ports 28 and 29 are formed in the head and open into the respective grooves 14 and 15. The outlet 24 is adapted to register with port 2 when the *alve 22 is in one position while port is adapted to receive pressure from outlet 25 when the valve is in another position. When the valve is in an intermediate position both ports are closed.

If it is desired, for example, to drive the rotor in a clockwise direction the valve 22 is rotated to bring outlet 25 into communication with port 29. Thus fluid under pressure supplied by pipe 26 will enter groove 15 and flow through passages 19 to ports 18. The impact of the escaping fluid against the buckets at will propel the rotor and the can be reversed.

As shown in Figure 5 suitable packing rings 30 can be placed between the rotor and the stator at opposite sides of the ports 16 and 18, thereby to prevent leakage.

What is claimed is: a

1. In a turbine the combination with a stator having non-communicating grooves in one face and oppositely pitched ports opening into the periphery of the stator and communicating with the respective grooves, of valve controlled means for directing fluid under pressure into either groove, a rotor extending around the stator, an annular series of buckets within the rotor for successively receiving the impact of fluid discharged from the ports, exhaust ports extending from the buckets through the peiphery of the rotor, and an exhaust ring for receiving fluid from the exhaust ports.

2. In a turbine the combination with a rotor having an annular series of buckets and peripheral exhaust outlets communicating with the buckets, of a stator extending into the rotor and surrounded by the series of buckets, there being spaced grooves in one face of the stator, oppositely pitched ports communicating with the respective grooves for delivering fluid under pressure in opposite directions respectively into the buckets, and valve controlled means for directing fluid under pressure into either groove.

3. In a'turbine the combination with a stator having oppositely pitched ports opening into the periphery thereof and spaced grooves communicating with the respective ports, of a head secured to the statorhaving spaced ports opening into the respective grooves, means for supplying fluid under pressure to the head, a valve in the head for directing fluid under pressure to either port in the head, a rotor having an annular series of buckets extending around the stator for receiving pressure from the ports therein, there being peripheral exhaust ports in the rotor communicating with the buckets, and a stationary exhaust ring extending around the rotor and communicating with the exhaust ports.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto afiixed my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN GORDON SUMMERS.

itnesses JOHN JAMES Surname, ALFRED D. H LL. 

